Superego and Will to Dominate Over Ego
A Synthetic Approach to Ideology Through Encapsulated Skin-Ego
Abstract
The study of superego and ideology within the context of bodily ego and skin as a psychic wrapping is vital to understanding the intersubjective aspects of those individuals who are living in a mal-attuned or extreme situation. This paper investigates superego’s will to dominate over the skin-ego to satisfy the id by itself and takes an intermediate position between id and external reality. The authors further attempt is to conceptualize superego formation in a skin model of ego development in a synthetic way and redefine ideology within the context of this conceptualization. The term Encapsulated Skin-Ego may explain how when the skin-ego is dysfunctional, a certain part of superego comes into being a psychic wrapping instead of the skin-ego and has left its developmental position. Consequently, the skin-ego takes refuge in the encapsulated skin-ego to be secure. In addition, ideology has a hegemonic character and wishes to control social symbols to continue its domination over people’s minds and bodies. Ideology tries to encapsulate the skin-ego and deprive it of natural sensations to lead it to an isolated corner ultimately to suppress the thinking ego. Two-case studies present the psychoanalytic application of the authors’ ideas.
References
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Anzieu, D. (1990). A skin for thought: Interviews with Gilbert Tarrab on psychology and psychoanalysis. G. Tarrab (Ed.). London, UK: Karnac.
Anzieu, D. (1993). Autistic phenomena and the skin ego. Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 13, 42‒48.
Anzieu, D. (2016). The skin ego (N. Segal, Trans.). London, UK: Karnac. (Original work published 1995)
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Freud, S. (1961i). Some character-types met with in psycho-analytic work. In J. Strachey (Ed. & Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 18, pp. 7‒64). London, UK: Hogarth Press. (Original work published 1915)
Freud, S. (1961j). Three essays on the theory of sexuality. In J. Strachey (Ed. & Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 7, pp. 123‒246). London, UK: Hogarth Press. (Original work published 1905)
Freud, S. (1961k). The unconscious. In J. Strachey (Ed. & Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 14, pp. 161‒215). London, UK: Hogarth Press. (Original work published 1915)
Freud, S. (2010). Civilization and its discontents (J. Strachey, Ed. & Trans.). New York, NY: Norton. (Original work published 1930)
Havens, L. (1986). A Theoretical Basis for the Concepts of Self and Authentic Self. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 34, 363-378.
Hinshelwood, R. D. (1991). Psychodynamic formulation in assessment for psychotherapy. British Journal of Psychotherapy, 8, 166‒174.
Hinshelwood, R. D. (1997). Catastrophe, objects and representation: Three levels of interpretation. British Journal of Psychotherapy, 13, 307-317.
Hollander, N. C. (2006). Trauma, ideology, and the future of democracy. International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies, 3, 156‒167.
Jacobson, E. (1946). The effect of disappointment on ego and superego formation in normal and depressive development. Psychoanalytic Review, 33, 129‒147.
Kernberg, O. F. (1975). Borderline conditions and pathological narcissism. Lanham, MD: Aronson.
Kernberg, O. F. (2003a). Sanctioned social violence: A psychoanalytic view—Part I. The International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 84, 683‒698.
Kernberg, O. F. (2003b). Sanctioned social violence: A psychoanalytic view—Part II. The International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 84, 953‒968.
Klein, M. (1975a). A contribution to the psychogenesis of manic-depressive states. In M. Klein, The writings of Melanie Klein (Vol. 1, pp. 262‒289). London, UK: Hogarth. (Original work published 1935)
Klein, M. (1975b). Criminal tendencies in normal children. In M. Klein, The writings of Melanie Klein (Vol. 1, pp. 170‒185). London, UK: Hogarth. (Original work published 1927)
Klein, M. (1975c). The early development of conscience in the child. In M. Klein, The writings of Melanie Klein (Vol. 1, pp. 248‒257). London, UK: Hogarth. (Original work published 1933)
Klein, M. (1975d). Envy and gratitude and other works, 1946‒1963. In M. Klein, The writings of Melanie Klein (Vol. 3). London, UK: Hogarth.
Klein, M. (1975e). The psycho-analysis of children. The writings of Melanie Klein (Vol. 2). London, England: Hogarth. (Original work published 1932)
Kølvraa, C., & Ifversen, J. (2017). The attraction of ideology: Discourse, desire and the body. Journal of Political Ideologies, 22, 182‒196.
Krystal, H. (1988). Integration and self-healing: Affect, trauma, alexithymia. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.
Lacan, J. (1988). The seminar, book I: Freud’s papers on technique, 1953-54 (J. Forrester, Trans.). J.-A. Miller (Ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Lacan, J. (1994). The four fundamental concepts of psycho-analysis (A. Sheridan, Trans.). J.-A. Miller (Ed.). London, UK: Penguin Books.
Lafrance, M. (2013). From the skin ego to the psychic envelope: An introduction to the work of Didier Anzieu. In S. L. Cavanagh, A. Failler, & R. A. J. Hurst (Eds.), Skin, culture and psychoanalysis (pp. 16‒44). London, England: Palgrave Macmillan.
Laplanche, J., & Pontalis, J. B. (1973). The language of psycho-analysis (D. Nicholson-Smith, Trans.). Oxford, UK: Norton.
Loewald, H. W. (1980a). Ego and reality. In H. W. Loewald, Papers on psychoanalysis (pp. 3‒20). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. (Original work published 1951)
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Published
18-Nov-2019
How to Cite
Mohammadpour-Yazdi, A.-R., & Jandl, M. (2019). Superego and Will to Dominate Over Ego. Language and Psychoanalysis, 8(2), 61-79. https://doi.org/10.7565/landp.v8i2.1604
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