Σύμβολου: An Attempt toward the early Origins, Part 1
Abstract
This is the first of a two-part paper in which I would like to propose some possible hypotheses on the early origins of symbolic function, which is the most typical feature of human being, based on disavowal mechanism. Briefly recalling the main stages of the history of symbolism, it will be possible to lay out many of its theories within the framework that we wish to outline with this work, this first part of which is mainly concerned with the basic psychodynamic notion of disavowal and its possible applications, above all in regard to fetishism.
References
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Akhtar, S., & O’Neil, M. K. (Eds.). (2011). On Freud’s ‘negation’. London, UK: Karnac Books Ltd.
Alexander, F. (1948). Fundamentals of psychoanalysis. New York, NY: W.W. Norton and Company Inc.
Beres, D. (1950). Symbol and object. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 29, 3–23.
Beres, D. (1957). Communication in psychoanalysis and in the creative process: A parallel. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 5, 408–423.
Bokanowski, T., & Lewkowicz, S. (Eds.). (2009). On Freud’s ‘splitting of the ego in the process of defence’. A volume of the collection The International Psychoanalytic Association – Contemporary Freud: Turning points & critical issues, edited by
Leticia Glocer Fiorini and Gennaro Saragnano. London, UK: Karnac Books Ltd.
Bott Spillius, E., Milton, J., Garvey, P., Couve, C., & Steiner, D. (2011). The new dictionary of Kleinian thought. New York, NY: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd.
Caramelli, N. (1984). A proposito di ‘l’esperimento in psicologia’. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia, 11, 371–376.
Caramelli, N. (1985). Ancora un esempio dell’ ‘effetto Pirandello’. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia, 12, 149–155.
Cariola, L. A. (2012). Exploring telicity and transitivity in primordial thought language and body boundary imagery. Journal of Psycholinguistics. Retrieved from:
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10936-013-9272-4
Carotenuto, A. (1982). Discorso sulla metapsicologia. Torino, Italy: Bollati Boringhieri Editore.
Chasseguet-Smirgel, J. (1975). L’idéal du moi. Paris, France: Éditeur Claude Tchou. Chasseguet-Smirgel, J. (1985). Creativity and perversion. London, UK: Free Association Books Ltd.
Chemama, R., & Vandermersch, B. (1998). Dictionnaire de la psychanalyse. Paris, France: Larousse-Bordas.
Cuccio, V. (2011). On negation. What do we need to ‘say no’? Rivista Italiana di Filosofia del Linguaggio, 4, 47–55.
Cuccio, V. (2012). Is embodiment all that we need? Insight from the acquisition of negation. Biolinguistics, 6, 259–275.
D’Aniello, P. (1989). La negazione e i conflitti verbali. In M. L. Morra Pellegrino & A. Scopesi. (Eds.), Dal dialogo preverbale alla conversazione. Lo sviluppo in età prescolare della comunicazione tra bambini e con l’adulto (pp. 186–204). Milano, Italy: Franco Angeli Editore.
De Mijolla, A. (Ed.). (2005). International dictionary of psychoanalysis, 3 volumes. Detroit, MI: MacMillan References.
Eco, U. (1981). Simbolo, voce dell’enciclopedia Einaudi (Vol. 12). Torino, Italy: Giulio Einaudi Editore.
Ellenberger, H. F. (1970). The discovery of the unconscious: History and evolution of dynamic psychiatry. New York., NY: Basic Books Inc.
Etchegoyen, H.R. (1991). The fundamentals of psychoanalytic technique. London, UK: Karnak Books.
Fenichel, O. (1945). The psychoanalytic theory of neurosis. New York, NY: W.W. Norton Company Inc.
Freud, A. (1937). The ego and the mechanisms of defence. London, UK: Hogarth Press Ltd. & The Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
Freud, S. (1938), Abriß der Psychoanalyse. In A. Freud (Ed.) (1960). Sigmund Freud Gesammelte Werke, Band XVII: Schriften aus dem Nachlass (pp. 63-138). Frankfurt, Deutschland: S. Fischer.
Freud, S. (1949). An outline of psychoanalysis. London, UK: Hogarth Press Ltd. & The Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
Freud, S. (1999). Compendio di psicoanalisi. Torino, Italy: Bollati Boringhieri Editore. Galimberti, U. (2006). Dizionario di psicologia. Torino, Italy: UTET Libreria.
Garzotto, N. (1985). Psichiatria pratica. Padova, Italy: Piccin Nuova Libraria.
Gay, V. P. (1992). Freud on sublimation: Reconsiderations. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Giberti, F., & Rossi, R. (Eds.). (1996). Manuale di psichiatria (4th Revised Edition). Padova, Italy: Piccin Nuova Libraria.
Glover, E. (1933). The relation of perversion-formation to the development of reality-sense. The International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 14, 486-504.
Glover, E. (1949). Psychoanalysis. London, UK: John Bale Medical Publications Ltd.
Greenacre, P. (1971). Emotional growth. Psychoanalytic studies of the gifted and a great
variety of other individuals. New York, NY: International Universities Press Inc. Hermann, I. (1989). Psicoanalisi e logica. Bari, Italy: Edizioni Dedalo.
Isaacs, S. (1952). The nature and function of phantasy. In M. Klein, P. Heimann, S. Isaacs & J. Riviere, (Eds.), Developments in psychoanalysis (pp. 67-121). London, UK: The Hogarth Press Ltd.
Iurato, G. (2012). On Jung and Lévi-Strauss unconscious: A brief comparison. Submitted.
Iurato, G. (2013). Mathematical thought in the light of Matte Blanco’s work. Philosophy of Mathematics Education Journal, 27.
Kaplan, H. I., & Sadock, B. J. (1997). Pocket handbook of clinical psychiatry (2nd ed.). Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers.
Khan Masud, R. M. (1970). Le fétichisme comme négation du soi. Nouvelle Revue de Psychoanalyse, 2, Numéro spécial: Objects du fétichisme. Présentation par J-B. Pontalis. Paris, France: Éditions Gallimard.
Khan Masud, R. M. (1979). Alienation in perversions. London, UK: The Hogarth Press Ltd.
Lacan, J. (Ed.). (1961). La psycanalyse. Recherche et enseignement Freudiens de la Société Française de Psychanalyse, N. 6: Perspectives structurales, Colloque International de Royaumont, 1958–1960. Paris, France: Presses Universitaires de France-PUF.
Lagache, D. (1958). La psychanalyse et la structure de la personnalité, rapport présenté au Colloquium International de Royaumont, 10-13 juillet 1958. In (Lacan, 1961, pp. 5-54).
Lalli, N. (Ed.) (1999). Manuale di psichiatria e psicoterapia. Napoli, Italy: Liguori Editore.
Laplanche, J., & Pontalis, J-B. (1973). The language of psycho-analysis. London, UK: The Hogarth Press Ltd., and The Institute of Psychoanalysis.
Lolli, G. (2000). Un logico esamina i modelli mentali. In P. Cherubini, P. Giaretta & A. Mazzocco (Eds.) (2000). Ragionamento: Psicologia e logica (pp. 81–93). Firenze, Italy: Giunti Editore.
Lombardo-Radice, L. (1965). Istituzioni di algebra astratta. Milano, Italy: Giangiacomo Feltrinelli Editore.
Màdera, R. (1977). Identità e feticismo: forma di valore e critica del soggetto, Marx e Nietzsche. Milano, Italy: Moizzi Editore.
Mancia, M. (Ed.) (2007). Psicoanalisi e neuroscienze. Milano, Italy: Springer-Verlag Italia.
Mastrangelo, G. (1975). Manuale di neuropsichiatria infantile. Roma, Italy: Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore.
Nunberg, H. (1932). Allgemeine Neurosenlehre auf psychoanalytischer Grundlage. Bern und Berlin, Schweiz und Deutschland: Verlag Hans Hüber.
Nunberg, H. (1955). Principles of psychoanalysis. Their application to the neuroses. New York, NY: International Universities Press Inc.
Nunberg, H. (1975). Teoria generale delle nevrosi. Roma, Italy: Casa Editrice Astrolabio–Ubaldini Editore.
Oliverio, A. (1982). Biologia e comportamento. Bologna, Italy: Nicola Zanichelli Editore.
Perkins, T., Stokes, M., McGillivray, J., & Bittar, R. (2010). Mirror neuron dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 17(10), 1239–1243.
Petocz, A. (2004). Freud, psychoanalysis and symbolism. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Piscicelli, U. (1994). Sessuologia – Teoremi psicosomatici e relazionali. Padova, Italy: Piccin Nuova Libraria.
Raphling, D. L. (1989). Fetishism in a woman. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 37, 465–491.
Recalcati, M. (2003). Introduzione alla psicoanalisi contemporanea. Con contributi di Luigi Colombo, Domenico Cosenza, Paola Francesconi. Milano, Italy: Bruno Mondadori Editore.
Resnik, S. (1979). Inconscio, voce dell’enciclopedia Einaudi (Vol. 7). Torino, Italy: Giulio Einaudi Editore.
Ritvo, S., & Provence, S. (1954). Form, perception and imitation in some autistic children: Diagnostic findings and their contextual interpretation. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 8, 155-161.
Rosen, V. H. (1954). On mathematical ‘illumination’ and the mathematical thought process. A contribution to the genetic development and metapsychology of abstract thinking. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 8, 127–154.
Rosolato, G. (1967). Étude des perversions sexuelles à partir du fetichisme. In P. Aulagnier-Spairani, J. Clavreul, F. Perrier, G. Rosolato & J-P. Valabrega (Eds.), Le désir et la perversion. Paris, France: Éditions du Seuil.
Rosolato, G. (1969). Essais sur le symbolique. Paris, France: Éditions Gallimard.
Roudinesco, E. (1997). Jacques Lacan. Outline of a life, history of a system of thought.
Oxford, UK: Polity Press.
Rycroft, C. (1968a). A critical dictionary of psychoanalysis. London, UK: Thomas Nelson & Sons Ltd.
Rycroft, C. (1968b). Imagination and reality. Psychoanalytical essays 1951-1961, London, UK: The Hogarth Press Ltd.
Sarteschi, P., & Maggini, C. (1982). Psichiatria. Parma, Italy: La Goliardica Editrice. Segal, H. (1981). The work of Hanna Segal. A Kleinian approach to clinical practice.
Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson Inc.
Segal, H. (1991). Dream, phantasy and art. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd.
Silberer, H. (1971). Hidden Symbolism of Alchemy and the Occult Arts. Problems of
Mysticism and Its Symbolism. New York: Dover Publications Inc.
Smirnov, V. N. (1970). La transaction fétichique. Nouvelle Revue de Psychoanalyse, 2, Numéro spécial: Objects du fétichisme. Présentation par J-B. Pontalis. Paris, France:
Éditions Gallimard.
Solomon, P., & Patch, V. D. (1971). Handbook of psychiatry. Los Altos, CA: Lange Medical Publications.
Spiegel, N. T. (1967). An infantile fetish and its persistence into young womanhood. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 22, 402–425.
Spitz, R. A. (1957). No and yes. On the genesis of human communication. New York, NY: International University Press Inc.
Thass-Thienemann, T. (1967). The subconscious language. New York, NY: Washington Square Press Inc.
Thomä, H., & Kächele, H. (1989). Psychoanalytic practice, vol. 1: Principles. Berlin and Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
Thomä, H., & Kächele, H. (1992) Psychoanalytic practice, vol. 2: Clinical studies. Berlin and Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
Todorov, T. (1982a). Theories of the symbol. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Todorov, T. (1982b). Symbolism and interpretation. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Valeri, V. (1979). Feticcio, voce dell’enciclopedia Einaudi (Vol. 6). Torino, Italy: Giulio Einaudi Editore.
Vegetti Finzi, S. (Ed.). (1976). Il bambino nella psicoanalisi. Testi di S. Freud, Jung, Reich, Klein, A. Freud, Spitz, Winnicott, Musatti, Fornari, Erikson, Laing, Lacan, Mannoni. Bologna, Italy: Nicola Zanichelli Editore.
Wigner, E. P. (1960). The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics, 13, 1-14.
Zetzel, E., & Meissner, W.W. (1977). Basic concepts of psychoanalytic psychiatry. New York, NY: Basic Books Inc.
Akhtar, S., & O’Neil, M. K. (Eds.). (2011). On Freud’s ‘negation’. London, UK: Karnac Books Ltd.
Alexander, F. (1948). Fundamentals of psychoanalysis. New York, NY: W.W. Norton and Company Inc.
Beres, D. (1950). Symbol and object. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 29, 3–23.
Beres, D. (1957). Communication in psychoanalysis and in the creative process: A parallel. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 5, 408–423.
Bokanowski, T., & Lewkowicz, S. (Eds.). (2009). On Freud’s ‘splitting of the ego in the process of defence’. A volume of the collection The International Psychoanalytic Association – Contemporary Freud: Turning points & critical issues, edited by
Leticia Glocer Fiorini and Gennaro Saragnano. London, UK: Karnac Books Ltd.
Bott Spillius, E., Milton, J., Garvey, P., Couve, C., & Steiner, D. (2011). The new dictionary of Kleinian thought. New York, NY: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd.
Caramelli, N. (1984). A proposito di ‘l’esperimento in psicologia’. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia, 11, 371–376.
Caramelli, N. (1985). Ancora un esempio dell’ ‘effetto Pirandello’. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia, 12, 149–155.
Cariola, L. A. (2012). Exploring telicity and transitivity in primordial thought language and body boundary imagery. Journal of Psycholinguistics. Retrieved from:
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10936-013-9272-4
Carotenuto, A. (1982). Discorso sulla metapsicologia. Torino, Italy: Bollati Boringhieri Editore.
Chasseguet-Smirgel, J. (1975). L’idéal du moi. Paris, France: Éditeur Claude Tchou. Chasseguet-Smirgel, J. (1985). Creativity and perversion. London, UK: Free Association Books Ltd.
Chemama, R., & Vandermersch, B. (1998). Dictionnaire de la psychanalyse. Paris, France: Larousse-Bordas.
Cuccio, V. (2011). On negation. What do we need to ‘say no’? Rivista Italiana di Filosofia del Linguaggio, 4, 47–55.
Cuccio, V. (2012). Is embodiment all that we need? Insight from the acquisition of negation. Biolinguistics, 6, 259–275.
D’Aniello, P. (1989). La negazione e i conflitti verbali. In M. L. Morra Pellegrino & A. Scopesi. (Eds.), Dal dialogo preverbale alla conversazione. Lo sviluppo in età prescolare della comunicazione tra bambini e con l’adulto (pp. 186–204). Milano, Italy: Franco Angeli Editore.
De Mijolla, A. (Ed.). (2005). International dictionary of psychoanalysis, 3 volumes. Detroit, MI: MacMillan References.
Eco, U. (1981). Simbolo, voce dell’enciclopedia Einaudi (Vol. 12). Torino, Italy: Giulio Einaudi Editore.
Ellenberger, H. F. (1970). The discovery of the unconscious: History and evolution of dynamic psychiatry. New York., NY: Basic Books Inc.
Etchegoyen, H.R. (1991). The fundamentals of psychoanalytic technique. London, UK: Karnak Books.
Fenichel, O. (1945). The psychoanalytic theory of neurosis. New York, NY: W.W. Norton Company Inc.
Freud, A. (1937). The ego and the mechanisms of defence. London, UK: Hogarth Press Ltd. & The Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
Freud, S. (1938), Abriß der Psychoanalyse. In A. Freud (Ed.) (1960). Sigmund Freud Gesammelte Werke, Band XVII: Schriften aus dem Nachlass (pp. 63-138). Frankfurt, Deutschland: S. Fischer.
Freud, S. (1949). An outline of psychoanalysis. London, UK: Hogarth Press Ltd. & The Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
Freud, S. (1999). Compendio di psicoanalisi. Torino, Italy: Bollati Boringhieri Editore. Galimberti, U. (2006). Dizionario di psicologia. Torino, Italy: UTET Libreria.
Garzotto, N. (1985). Psichiatria pratica. Padova, Italy: Piccin Nuova Libraria.
Gay, V. P. (1992). Freud on sublimation: Reconsiderations. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Giberti, F., & Rossi, R. (Eds.). (1996). Manuale di psichiatria (4th Revised Edition). Padova, Italy: Piccin Nuova Libraria.
Glover, E. (1933). The relation of perversion-formation to the development of reality-sense. The International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 14, 486-504.
Glover, E. (1949). Psychoanalysis. London, UK: John Bale Medical Publications Ltd.
Greenacre, P. (1971). Emotional growth. Psychoanalytic studies of the gifted and a great
variety of other individuals. New York, NY: International Universities Press Inc. Hermann, I. (1989). Psicoanalisi e logica. Bari, Italy: Edizioni Dedalo.
Isaacs, S. (1952). The nature and function of phantasy. In M. Klein, P. Heimann, S. Isaacs & J. Riviere, (Eds.), Developments in psychoanalysis (pp. 67-121). London, UK: The Hogarth Press Ltd.
Iurato, G. (2012). On Jung and Lévi-Strauss unconscious: A brief comparison. Submitted.
Iurato, G. (2013). Mathematical thought in the light of Matte Blanco’s work. Philosophy of Mathematics Education Journal, 27.
Kaplan, H. I., & Sadock, B. J. (1997). Pocket handbook of clinical psychiatry (2nd ed.). Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers.
Khan Masud, R. M. (1970). Le fétichisme comme négation du soi. Nouvelle Revue de Psychoanalyse, 2, Numéro spécial: Objects du fétichisme. Présentation par J-B. Pontalis. Paris, France: Éditions Gallimard.
Khan Masud, R. M. (1979). Alienation in perversions. London, UK: The Hogarth Press Ltd.
Lacan, J. (Ed.). (1961). La psycanalyse. Recherche et enseignement Freudiens de la Société Française de Psychanalyse, N. 6: Perspectives structurales, Colloque International de Royaumont, 1958–1960. Paris, France: Presses Universitaires de France-PUF.
Lagache, D. (1958). La psychanalyse et la structure de la personnalité, rapport présenté au Colloquium International de Royaumont, 10-13 juillet 1958. In (Lacan, 1961, pp. 5-54).
Lalli, N. (Ed.) (1999). Manuale di psichiatria e psicoterapia. Napoli, Italy: Liguori Editore.
Laplanche, J., & Pontalis, J-B. (1973). The language of psycho-analysis. London, UK: The Hogarth Press Ltd., and The Institute of Psychoanalysis.
Lolli, G. (2000). Un logico esamina i modelli mentali. In P. Cherubini, P. Giaretta & A. Mazzocco (Eds.) (2000). Ragionamento: Psicologia e logica (pp. 81–93). Firenze, Italy: Giunti Editore.
Lombardo-Radice, L. (1965). Istituzioni di algebra astratta. Milano, Italy: Giangiacomo Feltrinelli Editore.
Màdera, R. (1977). Identità e feticismo: forma di valore e critica del soggetto, Marx e Nietzsche. Milano, Italy: Moizzi Editore.
Mancia, M. (Ed.) (2007). Psicoanalisi e neuroscienze. Milano, Italy: Springer-Verlag Italia.
Mastrangelo, G. (1975). Manuale di neuropsichiatria infantile. Roma, Italy: Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore.
Nunberg, H. (1932). Allgemeine Neurosenlehre auf psychoanalytischer Grundlage. Bern und Berlin, Schweiz und Deutschland: Verlag Hans Hüber.
Nunberg, H. (1955). Principles of psychoanalysis. Their application to the neuroses. New York, NY: International Universities Press Inc.
Nunberg, H. (1975). Teoria generale delle nevrosi. Roma, Italy: Casa Editrice Astrolabio–Ubaldini Editore.
Oliverio, A. (1982). Biologia e comportamento. Bologna, Italy: Nicola Zanichelli Editore.
Perkins, T., Stokes, M., McGillivray, J., & Bittar, R. (2010). Mirror neuron dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 17(10), 1239–1243.
Petocz, A. (2004). Freud, psychoanalysis and symbolism. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Piscicelli, U. (1994). Sessuologia – Teoremi psicosomatici e relazionali. Padova, Italy: Piccin Nuova Libraria.
Raphling, D. L. (1989). Fetishism in a woman. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 37, 465–491.
Recalcati, M. (2003). Introduzione alla psicoanalisi contemporanea. Con contributi di Luigi Colombo, Domenico Cosenza, Paola Francesconi. Milano, Italy: Bruno Mondadori Editore.
Resnik, S. (1979). Inconscio, voce dell’enciclopedia Einaudi (Vol. 7). Torino, Italy: Giulio Einaudi Editore.
Ritvo, S., & Provence, S. (1954). Form, perception and imitation in some autistic children: Diagnostic findings and their contextual interpretation. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 8, 155-161.
Rosen, V. H. (1954). On mathematical ‘illumination’ and the mathematical thought process. A contribution to the genetic development and metapsychology of abstract thinking. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 8, 127–154.
Rosolato, G. (1967). Étude des perversions sexuelles à partir du fetichisme. In P. Aulagnier-Spairani, J. Clavreul, F. Perrier, G. Rosolato & J-P. Valabrega (Eds.), Le désir et la perversion. Paris, France: Éditions du Seuil.
Rosolato, G. (1969). Essais sur le symbolique. Paris, France: Éditions Gallimard.
Roudinesco, E. (1997). Jacques Lacan. Outline of a life, history of a system of thought.
Oxford, UK: Polity Press.
Rycroft, C. (1968a). A critical dictionary of psychoanalysis. London, UK: Thomas Nelson & Sons Ltd.
Rycroft, C. (1968b). Imagination and reality. Psychoanalytical essays 1951-1961, London, UK: The Hogarth Press Ltd.
Sarteschi, P., & Maggini, C. (1982). Psichiatria. Parma, Italy: La Goliardica Editrice. Segal, H. (1981). The work of Hanna Segal. A Kleinian approach to clinical practice.
Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson Inc.
Segal, H. (1991). Dream, phantasy and art. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd.
Silberer, H. (1971). Hidden Symbolism of Alchemy and the Occult Arts. Problems of
Mysticism and Its Symbolism. New York: Dover Publications Inc.
Smirnov, V. N. (1970). La transaction fétichique. Nouvelle Revue de Psychoanalyse, 2, Numéro spécial: Objects du fétichisme. Présentation par J-B. Pontalis. Paris, France:
Éditions Gallimard.
Solomon, P., & Patch, V. D. (1971). Handbook of psychiatry. Los Altos, CA: Lange Medical Publications.
Spiegel, N. T. (1967). An infantile fetish and its persistence into young womanhood. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 22, 402–425.
Spitz, R. A. (1957). No and yes. On the genesis of human communication. New York, NY: International University Press Inc.
Thass-Thienemann, T. (1967). The subconscious language. New York, NY: Washington Square Press Inc.
Thomä, H., & Kächele, H. (1989). Psychoanalytic practice, vol. 1: Principles. Berlin and Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
Thomä, H., & Kächele, H. (1992) Psychoanalytic practice, vol. 2: Clinical studies. Berlin and Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
Todorov, T. (1982a). Theories of the symbol. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Todorov, T. (1982b). Symbolism and interpretation. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Valeri, V. (1979). Feticcio, voce dell’enciclopedia Einaudi (Vol. 6). Torino, Italy: Giulio Einaudi Editore.
Vegetti Finzi, S. (Ed.). (1976). Il bambino nella psicoanalisi. Testi di S. Freud, Jung, Reich, Klein, A. Freud, Spitz, Winnicott, Musatti, Fornari, Erikson, Laing, Lacan, Mannoni. Bologna, Italy: Nicola Zanichelli Editore.
Wigner, E. P. (1960). The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics, 13, 1-14.
Zetzel, E., & Meissner, W.W. (1977). Basic concepts of psychoanalytic psychiatry. New York, NY: Basic Books Inc.
Published
01-Dec-2013
How to Cite
Iurato, G. (2013). Σύμβολου: An Attempt toward the early Origins, Part 1. Language and Psychoanalysis, 2(2), 77-120. https://doi.org/10.7565/landp.2013.008
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